نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• جانا عرب زاده ¹
• حسن بلخاری قهی ²
• سید مجید مفیدی شمیرانی ³
• ایرج اعتصام ⁴
• آزاده شاهچراغی ⁵

¹ دانشجوی دکتری معماری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

² استاد، گروه فلسفه هنر، دانشکده هنرهای زیبا دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

³ استادیار، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، داشگاه علم و صنعت، تهران، ایران

⁴ استاد، دانشکده هنر و معماری، پردیس هنرهای زیبا دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

⁵ دانشیار، گروه معماری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

عالم طبیعت، مظهر الوهیت و حرکت است. جوهر وجود انسان اگر با طبیعت عجین گردد، هم خود در سفری روحانی قرار خواهد گرفت و هم به ظهور علوم نوینی جهت ایجاد جهانی سبزتر و پاک‌تر قدم برخواهد داشت. انسان متأله به‌عنوان خلیفه‌الله طبیعت مقدس را حفظ می‌نماید. پژوهش انجام‌شده باهدف بیان نسبت الوهیت موجود در طبیعت با تعالی روح آدمی در پی ایجاد نسبت‌هایی فلسفی و علمی میان تعالیم صدرالمتالهین درباره طبیعت با فناوری‌های نوین زیست دوست، به جهت ارتقا کیفیت زندگی انسان‌ها می‌باشد. پژوهش به روش کیفی (نظریه زمینه‌ای) با راهبرد تحلیل داده انجام‌شده است، کدگذاری سیستماتیک اشتراوس و کوربین انجام شده است. داده‌های پژوهش به‌صورت متنی و معنایی و از طریق هجده مصاحبه عمیق به دست آمده‌اند، سپس با منطق استقرایی و به‌صورت تحلیل تفسیری موردبررسی قرار گرفته‌اند و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار مکس کیو دی‌ای انجام شد. پارادایم به‌دست‌آمده از نتایج، حاکی از نسبت مستقیم دو حوزه حکمی طبیعت و محیط زندگی عینی انسان می‌باشد که نشان می‌دهد، جوهر وجودی آدمی در مجاورت با طبیعت در حرکت رو به کمال قرار خواهد گرفت. تحلیل معنایی رابطه انسان و طبیعت بر بنیاد حکمت متعالیه، به دو حوزه معماری زیست دوست و فلسفه حکمت متعالیه صدرالمتألهین پرداخته است. مطالعه میان‌رشته‌ای در این دو حوزه امری نوین می‌باشد که به تحلیل یک اندیشه فلسفی در دنیای طراحی جدید پرداخته است. حکمت متعالیه صدرالمتالیهن در موارد بسیاری از جوهر موجود در طبیعت و نسبت آن با انسان یاد کرده است. زندگی در محیط‌های طبیعت دوست عاملی بر ارتقا کیفیت زندگی انسان می‌باشد. با صنعتی شدن زندگی، ضرورت وجود فناوری‌های نوینی گیاهی، در محیط زندگی انسان، احساس می‌شود. مقولاتی چون توسعه انسانی، بالندگی و تغییر انسانی، نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از پارادایم پژوهش می‌باشند که خود مبرهن تحولی در ارتقا کیفیت زندگی انسان‌ها هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• حکمت متعالیه صدرالمتألهین
• انسان
• طبیعت
• فناوری زیست دوست
• محیط‌زیست
• رابطه معنایی

موضوعات

• نظام‌های معنایی

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Semantic Relation of Human and Nature via Mollasadra Transcendental Knowledge (The Role of Nature in Human Inspiration and Perfection)

نویسندگان [English]

• Jana Arabzadeh ¹
• Hasan Bolkhari Gehi ²
• Seyed Majid Mofidi ShemiraniT ³
• Iraj Etesam ⁴
• Azadeh shahcheraghi ⁵

¹ Ph.D. Student in Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad university, Tehran, Iran

² Proffesor, Tehran University, Fine Art Facualty, Tehran, Iran

³ Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

⁴ Proffesor, Fine Art Facualty, Tehran university, Tehran, Iran

⁵ Associate Professor, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Nature is a theophany of divinity and motion which human lives are considered on it. Human essence along with nature, could lead to a spiritual journey and also help manifest new science to a better green and clean world. Theosophist person is watchful in holly nature and in his search toward the semantics of all creation, could feel the essence of all the beings. Mollasadra is one of those theosophists and philosophers, who have a knowledge of the being of things, and his spiritual journey is based on the essential idea of existence. That’s why his philosophy could be applicable in all periods of human science. His model of Transcendent theosophy which is based on Human, reality, and existence, is an important subject that can be applicable to the model of Human, Nature, and Architecture.
The aim of this research is to express the semantic relation of divinity within nature, with human transcendence of soul, in order to reach new philosophical and scientific relation between Mollasadra's theories of nature with Biophilic technologies, to increase the quality of life.

Literature Review
Trans-substantial Motion theory of Molasadra explains that the being of all existents, from imperfection to perfection are in motion. Therefore, the essence of all existents is in motion. The proof of such theories in the material and scientific world is important. Digital technologies in all fields are a good example of creating a virtual connection between things and their beings.
According to philosophical theories of Fundamental reality of existence, Gradation of being and Trans- Substantial Motion, Mollasadra proves that nature with all its little bits is a motion, and the least concept for it is to attain perfection. Nature is the whole material in front of the immaterial world, while nature from another point of view is an inner power that orders the whole creation with divine order. It also means the simple indivisible essence of humans. Therefore nature via being a material output is also an inner quality that is one essence of humans and the world. The qualitative side of nature is applicable to basic philosophical theories.
The world today is dealing with different sorts of problems in the living environment. Sustainable development was a perfect solution to this damaged world, sustainable design attempts to recognize this chaos and bring the world peace and welfare. A unity of reaching and feeling happiness is percept within all concepts and theories of trans-substantial motion to sustainable design and smart biophilic technologies via energy transformation. These theories and methods were all attempting to create a better living environment for human beings.

Methodology
The research is an interdisciplinary inquiry based on Mollasadra's philosophy and Biophilic design. Therefore understanding the clear vision of professors on these two topics was essential. Also since the aim of this research is the relation between the spiritualities of nature and the perfection of the human soul via creating scientific and philosophical aspects, designing space according to new modern biophilic technologies, in order to improve the quality of life in the living spaces, is important.
The qualitative research method (Grounded theory) of Strauss and Corbin, which tries to reveal the correlation of interaction of beings, is used in this research. Therefore eighteen deep interviews, in the field of Philosophy and Architecture have been done, and the data have been analyzed with MAXQDA software. As a result, 89 definitions were found which were categorized in 24 meanings, and landed on a paradigm.

Results
The semantic analysis of the relation between Humans and Nature according to Mollasadra's Transcendental Knowledge, speaks about Biophilic Design and Mollasadra philosophy. The interdisciplinary research on these two subjects is an innovation that expresses a philosophical matter in the modern world of design.
The findings of the definitions, purpose, and categorized meanings, were assorted in two tables. Table 1, defines nature as the reason for human development, which proves that, through all periods of human development, nature played a significant role in the perfection of mind, body, and living environment. Table 2 is about Divine Vicegerent. This is a term that arises from the Quran, but has a universal meaning in all civilizations. This part of the research emphasizes the relation of Divine Vicegerent and Architect, on how according to spiritualities, they create and build their living environment, which via perfecting the soul will improve quality of life.

Conclusion
Mollasadra’s Transcendental Knowledge, along with many supernaturalism and theism philosophies, attempts to reach wisdom that physically and spiritually improves human well-being and acts in order to create better living conditions. This attempt is based on the relation between the essence of nature with human beings. Trans-substantial motion through reaching the reality of essence transforms the human soul to feel happiness and let other human beings enjoy it, and living in an intelligent architectural space, that its aim is beneficiary renewable energies in the buildings, accomplishes this concept. Living in Biophilic places raises both the human soul and the quality of life. The industrial world today, is in need of new technologies to create natural spaces in small human living environments such as House Vertical Farm or Green Living Walls. The findings of the paradigm express the clear philosophical relation of nature and the human living environment, which explains the essence of human beings in the vicinity of nature, flows to its perfection.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Mollasadra Transcendental knowledge
• Nature
• Human
• Biophilic Technology
• Living Environment
• Semantic Relation