Knowledge Retrieval and Semantic Systems

Abstract Considering the importance and necessity of cybernetics in various subjects, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of the role of cybernetics in the marketing and development of information resources in university libraries. This research is of the correlation type and based on the method of obtaining the required data in the category of descriptive-survey research and according to its purpose, it is an applied research. The statistical population studied in this research are all managers and librarians of university libraries and students of information science and epistemology in Tehran city, based on Cochran's formula, the statistical sample size was determined to be 242 people. The sampling method is stratified random In order to measure the research variables, Birnbaum standard questionnaires (2013) were used. The validity of the questionnaire was determined using the opinions of experts and experts and their reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha of 91%. To test the hypotheses, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Spearman correlation, Friedman, Shannon entropy technique, chi-square and binomial test were used. The results showed that cybernetics and its components have an impact on the marketing and development of information resources in academic libraries. Among the cybernetic components, the leadership component has the most impact and hard and loose operations have the least impact on the marketing and development of information resources in academic libraries.

Abstract Introduction
The use of metadata in various information contexts such as cultural heritage contexts (libraries, museums, and archives) requires proper management. Using metadata, especially during the production or before publication of the content objects, is an appropriate solution; because it provides the ability to identify, evaluate, select, explore, and manage content objects in various information storage and retrieval systems. Each library and information center needs a range of metadata standards to manage content objects and facilitate and expedite access to them. In most cases, a single standard cannot meet all needs or support all intended functions. In other words, not all elements of a metadata standard are applicable to a particular library or information center. The solution offered by the information and knowledge organization field, especially the metadata field, is an application profile to solve the problem of the non-applicability of a metadata standard and its set of elements in a particular library or information context.
The Library, Museum, and Archive of the Holy Shrine of Hazrat Masoumeh (A.S.) have a collection of valuable ancient resources and objects, which its printed resources and written heritage have been organized, and their bibliographic information is available for viewing and use by clients through the Azarsa Software. A vast number of written and audiovisual documents, along with over 7,000 historical artifacts, have been registered and recorded in this center. The purpose of the current research was to design a metadata application profile for describing and organizing (processing) the content objects of the Library, Museum, and Archive of the Holy Shrine of Hazrat Masoumeh (A.S.).

Literature Review

Application profiles emerged after criticisms were made about the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI) for being simple and proposals to expand or complete it through other metadata standards (Tennis, 2015). Application profiles provide a mechanism to extract the elements required, appropriate to the characteristics of a database or information centers, link between these elements, and present them in the application profile form. Non-use of an application profile causes local needs not to be considered in the metadata schema, and this causes the database, digital library, or information centers to face many problems during the use phase (Najafzadeh, 2016).
Application profiles consist of metadata elements from one or more standards that are implemented, combined, and optimized according to the local environment. Combining multiple standard metadata schemas to develop an application profile enables metadata to have a higher level of standardization, organization, and interoperability, and to be easily shared among many organizations (Nonthakarn & Wuwongse, 2015). Application profile consists of four main components: application, entities, entities’ properties, and property’s value (Gerontakos & Riesenberg, 2021, p14). From Taheri's point of view (2014, p154), the birth certificate of each metadata application profile element has 13 components. These components are: name of term, label, defined by, source definition, library definition, description, type of term, refinement(s), refined by, encoding scheme, obligation, data type, and occurrence. These components are generally mentioned in the table form.
Libraries, archives, and museums have been important institutions that have facilitated access to all kinds of information in the form of diverse content objects and have led to the cultural and educational progress of the society. These institutions in the current information society need to describe and organize their content objects, and metadata tools are very helpful in this field. Therefore, some of the best places to design, use, and exploit application profiles are libraries and information centers.

Methodology

The research method was practical in terms of the goal, which was carried out with an analysis approach. The research community was the employees of the organization department and managers of the Library, Museum and Archive of the Holy Shrine of Hazrat Masoumeh (A.S.) and elements, attributes and properties of the metadata standards of the cultural heritage context (library, archive and museum), which were selected by purposeful sampling method. The data collection method was structured observation and the tools were interviews, questionnaires, and checklists

Results

The findings showed that in order to describe and organize (process) the content objects of the Library, Museum, and Archive of the Holy Shrine of Hazrat Masoumeh (A.S.), three separate metadata application profiles are needed for the library, museum, and archive. The metadata application profile designed for library, museum and archives content objects had 53, 83, and 27 main and sub-elements, respectively. Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS), UK Collection Management Standard (Spectrum), and International Standard Archival Description (ISAD) had the highest number in the metadata application profile in the contexts of library, museum, and archives, respectively.

Conclusion

The design of a metadata application profile will lead to the proper description and processing of content objects, more convergence of the cultural heritage context, as well as better management of metadata. This is done according to local context and needs, and it will increase the access points, retrieval, and interoperability with other information management systems and libraries

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between of organizational innovation and emotional intelligence on organizational commitment in librarians of Rasht public libraries. This research is descriptive and correlational. The study population consisted of all librarians in the public libraries of Rasht city in 1398, among which 70 were selected by convenience sampling method. To collect data in this study, the innovative organizational climate of Citgol and Koheim (1978), self-developed Emotional Intelligence (1996) and organizational Commitment Allen and Meyer (1991) were used. Data analysis using Pearson correlation coefficient moment showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between organizational innovation and organizational commitment (P < 0.01). Also there is a positive and significant correlation between emotional intelligence and organizational commitment (P < 0.01). Data analysis using regression analysis showed that organizational innovation was a positive and significant predictor of organizational commitment (p < 0.01) as well as the predictive emotional intelligence of the organizational commitment (p < 0.01). According to the findings obtained by designing and holding programs and workshops of librarians in the field of informing them to promote organizational innovation and emotional intelligence, it is essential to improve the organizational commitment of these individuals by promoting organizational innovation and emotional intelligence of librarians in libraries.

Abstract Technique of importance- performance is an essential step in defining quality improvement programs, defining clients' perceptions and expectations and institutions performance analysis. The purpose of this research is to evaluate faculty of management and accountings' performance in Allameh Tabataba’i University with analysis of importance-performance approach. The reason of libraries' existence is to live up to their stakeholder's satisfaction and expectations; therefore, it should be evaluated how this institute has acted to achieve that goal. This research is Applied and survey. So a questionnaire with 30 indexes is designed to evaluate libraries performance by using defined 3 dimensions of Libqual model. In this questionnaire, opinions of teachers and authorities in this field are considered (face and content reliability). Therefore, Alfa Cronbakh test is used to measure the reliability. LISREL software is used to measure each index, also average number is considered for evaluation of performance. Results show 21 of 30 indexes are placed in the second quarter. This represents good performance of library in relation to clients. On the other hand, we can claim the performance of this library has been high because it has fulfilled 70% of Client’s expectation and needs. On the basis of results, we fulfilled managers promote their performance about indexes that are considered important by clients but library has overlooked.