HAMED hosinzadeh; nader bohloli; mojtaba ramazani; Abbas Ali Sangipour
Abstract
IntroductionThe primary source of knowledge within the organization is its human capital. Throughout an individual's tenure within an organization, the human resources department can accumulate a wealth of skills, experiences, and ideas. This accumulation of knowledge is often referred to as a person's ...
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IntroductionThe primary source of knowledge within the organization is its human capital. Throughout an individual's tenure within an organization, the human resources department can accumulate a wealth of skills, experiences, and ideas. This accumulation of knowledge is often referred to as a person's knowledge reserves, and can serve to generate both value and power for both the individual and the organization (Siyadi etal, 2016). The depletion of organizational knowledge is a regrettable reality for the organization (Bammad Sufi etal, 2016). The phenomenon of knowledge leakage within organizations has been The departure of knowledge workers, resulting in the loss of both tangible and intangible knowledge, is considered a critical factor in knowledge outflow from an organization. In the oil industry, expertise holds significant value across various specializations. Unlike several engineering domains, the regulations and principles of engineering that govern this industry are challenging to document and codify (Bagheri, 2004). The utilization of organizational knowledge has become increasingly imperative due to various factors, including heightened competition and innovation within organizations, workforce retirement, and migration, limited time for knowledge acquisition and testing, shifts in organizational strategies, absence of incentive systems, and insufficient recognition of the potency of knowledge and its ability to generate power (Moayedi Khorramabadi etal, 2019).The oil industry is a highly specialized and experience-driven sector that places significant emphasis on human capital as the most valuable knowledge asset of the organization. According to Rajabpour and Baba Shahi (2020), human resources personnel employed in the oil industry possess significant skills and competencies that can significantly contribute to the attainment of predetermined missions and aims. The oil industry's failure to document, shares, and utilize the knowledge generated from experiences and intellectual and knowledge capital is indicative of unproductive practices and cost inefficiencies.Research QuestionWhat are the classifications of organizational knowledge that emanate from National Oil Company?Literature ReviewThe objective of knowledge retention is to guarantee that members of an organization are able to utilize knowledge again in the future (Lewalt and Chen, 2017). According to Lin et al (2016), the departure of an individual possessing valuable knowledge from an organization results in a diminution of organizational knowledge, thereby adversely impacting organizational memory (Taghizadeh Masan etal, 2017).The knowledge of the organization ensures its survival and gives it a competitive advantage. The risk of organizational knowledge loss resulting from employee departures has emerged as a noteworthy concern. According to Daghfoos etal (2013). This study aims to identify critical knowledge that contributes to the National Oil Company's organizational objectives and is lost when employees depart. The research methodology involves a comprehensive review of prior studies and exploratory interviews. The National Oil Company operates in a knowledge-based industry. Therefore, by reviewing and analyzing prior research and conducting exploratory interviews, the current study aims to identify the knowledge that is crucial to achieving the organization's goals because, as a knowledge-based industry, the National Oil Company loses this knowledge when employees leave.MethodologyThe research method was data-driven and an inductive approach. This study employed a qualitative data collection method, specifically through conducting interviews, to identify the types of knowledge that are being disseminated from the organization.To ascertain the type of knowledge disseminated by the organization, a diverse group of individuals possessing expertise in the relevant subject matter, including academic authorities, were interviewed. The interviews were carried out using a semi-structured and in-depth approach. The length of the interview ranged from 20 to 60 minutes. Data collection was carried out until the point of data saturation. To authenticate the researchers, two external review strategies were employed: interviewing individuals beyond those designated for the interview to scrutinize and assess the research process, research output, and its precision, and pluralism, which entailed interviewing individuals at varying levels of the organization with distinct responsibilities.The study employs a qualitative data collection method, specifically through conducting interviews, to identify the types of knowledge that are being disseminated from the organization.To ascertain the typology of knowledge emanating from the organization, a diverse group of individuals possessing expertise in the relevant subject matter, including academic authorities, were interviewed. The interviews were carried out using a semi-structured and in-depth approach. Data collection was carried out until the point of data saturation. To authenticate the researchers, two external review strategies were employed: interviewing individuals beyond those designated for the interview to scrutinize and assess the research process, research output, and its precision, and pluralism, which entailed interviewing individuals at varying levels of the organization with distinct responsibilities.ResultsBased on the results obtained from the present research, the departure of employees from the National Iranian Oil Company results in the loss of seven areas of knowledge. The company utilizes all knowledge that has been identified, which is classified into three distinct categories: vital, non-vital, and conditional knowledge. The three types of knowledge that are vital for a company's success are operational knowledge, specialized knowledge, and business knowledge. These types of knowledge are indispensable for the company, and their absence can result in significant costs for the organization. All the existing knowledge is intended to bolster the operational knowledge of the organization. The second classification pertains to non-vital information, which enhances the operational efficiency of the organization, but its absence has a comparatively lesser effect on the overall performance of the company. The aforementioned knowledge encompasses knowledge of learning from failure and success and process knowledge. Conditional knowledge is a type of knowledge that is contingent upon specific conditions and circumstances within the National Oil Company. Its absence does not have any significant impact on the overall performance of the company. The aforementioned knowledge encompasses both knowledge that exists outside of the organization as well as knowledge that is contingent upon certain conditions.ConclusionThe present study has identified seven distinct forms of knowledge that experience a decline in the event of employee turnover within an organization. Based on the findings obtained from conducted interviews, it has been determined that within the context of Iran's embargo conditions, operational and business knowledge are the most crucial types of knowledge for the oil company, given the unique characteristics of oil extraction and sale. The loss of expertise in this industry can have a significant impact on the oil company's operations.Additional structures within the organization serve to support both operational and business domains. One of the factors that can be identified is the significance of specialized knowledge, which is heavily reliant on the specialized knowledge of the staff. In the event of the departure of said individuals from the organization, the operational efficacy of the company may be compromised. Therefore, it is imperative to facilitate the transfer of their knowledge and expertise to other personnel, while also enhancing the knowledge is very important for the company. The acquisition of specialized knowledge within an oil company is a crucial determinant of its operational efficacy, and the absence of such knowledge can have a significant impact on its overall performance.
Mahshid Eltemasi; Fatima Fahimnia; Mohammad Abooyeeardakan
Abstract
Examining the services and programs expected by users of public libraries from their own perspective and examining the underlying points and factors affecting the demands of users. The main purpose of this article is to address services and programs provided by public libraries in developing countries ...
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Examining the services and programs expected by users of public libraries from their own perspective and examining the underlying points and factors affecting the demands of users. The main purpose of this article is to address services and programs provided by public libraries in developing countries based on the views of public libraries users, and not on the basis of recommendations from international forums and institutions. A qualitative approach is implemented and the grounded theory method is used in the case study of Iran as a developing country. Data collection involved the use of semi-structured interviews, the interviews varied between 20-and-60-minute duration. To support the semi structured interviewing process the researcher developed an interview guide with a formal question set. 1. Motivation and user satisfaction services such as all kinds of scientific, artistic and cultural competitions, specialized services for children and teenagers, free internet access and computers, changing library environment, laboratory facilities, and book reading groups, poetry groups, etc., convenience services, creativity enhancements services, up to date resources, cafes and restaurants, rest areas. 2. Education & teaching services such as all kinds of classes and workshops, information literacy training, literacy services, library tours, consulting services, mobile libraries. 3. Recreational and entertainment services: book cafes, workgroups and group programs, and a variety of fun resources (including movies, etc.), book reviews. 4. Reference and information services such as providing selective information, virtual information, in-person information, interlibrary loan and document delivery services, in-person and virtual update services. Therefore, public libraries of Iran can prioritize these services in order to improve the level of satisfaction and attract more and more users' in their planning and policy making.
HamidReza Mahmoodi; Mohammad Hassanzadeh; Fatemeh Zandian
Abstract
Despite the breadth and richness of the subject and the variety of topics in the field of knowledge and information science facing researchers, the field suffers from theoretical poverty. The purpose of this study is to identify the theoretical barriers in information science and knowledge. This is a ...
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Despite the breadth and richness of the subject and the variety of topics in the field of knowledge and information science facing researchers, the field suffers from theoretical poverty. The purpose of this study is to identify the theoretical barriers in information science and knowledge. This is a qualitative research. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Members of the faculty of knowledge and information science at Iranian universities formed the statistical population of this study. Theoretical sampling method was used for sample selection. In total, 18 faculty members of Birjand, Tarbiat Modarres, Tabriz, Shahid Bahona and Shahid Chamran universities interviewed. The data were coded based on the grounded theory in three steps. MAX QDA software was used for data encoding. Finally 10 core categories were obtained. Among the 10 core categories, the categories of "shaky personality" and "belief system failure" were selected as the central classes. According to Glazer’s recommendation, the belief system failure was referred to the shaky personality class. In other words, the shaky personality class was identified as the central class. For the first time in Iran and outside Iran, the barriers of theorizing in knowledge and information science have been examined with a qualitative approach. Therefore, on the one hand, the subject under study and adopting a qualitative approach on the other hand, demonstrate its value and authenticity.
Mohammad Taban; Ali Yasini; Ardeshir Shiri; Isfandiar Mohammadi
Abstract
This study aimed to design and explain the process model of scientific authority in Iran’s higher education. Mixed-Method has been the methodology used in this research in two phases: the first, qualitative using Grounded Theory, and the second, quantitative (descriptive, survey). Research orientation ...
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This study aimed to design and explain the process model of scientific authority in Iran’s higher education. Mixed-Method has been the methodology used in this research in two phases: the first, qualitative using Grounded Theory, and the second, quantitative (descriptive, survey). Research orientation has been basic, descriptive and functional; the research approach has been deductive in the first phase and inductive in the second one. The population, in the first phase, was 15 persons possessing the authority’s conditions in Iran’s scientific past released from purposive sampling method; the population, in the second phase, was the higher education’s professors and experts including all members of the active scientific committees in Ministry Of Science, Research and Technology. These members were 176 persons who were studied through stratified random sampling. In the first phase, the research’s reliability has been observed by the researcher, and in the second one, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated. Qualitative findings including four stages were identified as nascent stage with five dimensions, development stage with six dimensions, interaction stage with four dimensions and evolution stage with five dimensions. Finally, the process and dimension stages were tested by LIZREL software. It was found that the most impact related to education and research area and experiencing scientific environment, and the least related to the political factors.
