Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The culture of academic emphasis is one of the cultures at school, where teachers put collaborative methods on the agenda. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that make and develop the culture of academic emphasis culture in Tehran schools in school year of 2017-2018. This study was carried out in a qualitative method of phenomenological type. The sample for this study consisted of 24 experts and educators who were interviewed with semi-structured interviews, so that the data gathered based on theoretical saturation. In order to analyze the data, the “NVivo 10” software has been used. Findings of this study indicated that the four factors play the most role in academic emphasis culture in schools. These factors were: "the quality of educational activities" had the highest score, and in the first place, "constructive feedback" in the second place, "the quality of educational environment" in the third place, "mental and job security" was in the fourth place. Therefore, in order to grow the culture of academic emphasis in schools, all identified factors in schools must be developed in a coordinated way, since achieving a teacher's academic emphasis culture requires the development of a system that needs to be carefully planned and should be compatible with the needs of the community.

Keywords

Brown, M. Kathleen; Benkovitz, L. Jennifer; Muttilo, J. Anthony; Urban, Thad. (2010). Closing Achieving Gaps Via Academic Optimism : Exploring Best Practices and Documenting Effective Strategies. Charlotte, North Carolina. www.infoagepub.com.
Goddard, R. D., Sweetland S. R., and Hoy, W. K. (2000b). Academic Emphasis of Urban Elementary Schools and Student Achievement: A Multi-Level Analysis. Educational Administration Quarterly, 5, 683—702.
Goddard, R. D., Sweetland, S. R., and Hoy, W. K. (2000a). Academic Emphasis and Student Achievement in Urban Elementary Schools. Annual Meeting of the American Educational Association, New Orleans.
Hoy, K. Wayne; Miskel, G. Ceccil. (2013). “Educational administration: Theory, research, and practice (9th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Hoy, W. K. ; Adams, Curt. (2016). Quantitative research in education: A primer, 2nd edition. Los Angeles: Sage.
Hoy, W. K., Tarter, C. J., & Woolfolk, A. (2006). Academic optimism of schools: A force for student achievement. American Educational Research Journal, 43(3), 425­-446.
Scott, Melissa A. (2016). The development and implementation of academic optimism and parent involvement: A case study, Ph.D. Dissertation. The University of Alabama. 10127854.
Woolfolk Hoy, A. & Hoy, W. K. (2013). Instructional leadership: A research-based guide to learning in schools, 4th edition. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Wu, J. Hsinchieh, Sheu, Tian-Ming. (2015). How to improve academic optimism? An inquiry from the perspective of school resource and investment. Asia Pacific Education Review. 16(4), 663–674.
Abolfathi, Mansoureh and Mahdian, Mohammad Jafar. (2017). "Investigating the relationship between morale dimensions and the scientific emphasis of organizational health with the organizational commitment of teachers in Ashtarinan elementary schools", the first national conference and the first international conference on accounting, management and industries in Iran. [In Persian].
Athari, Majid. (2015). "The relationship between the collective efficacy of teachers and the educational progress of students in the 15th district of Tehran". Master's thesis, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr branch, Islamshahr, Iran. . [In Persian].
Barzideh, Um al-Banin, Motamed, Hamidreza and Hamrahi, Mehrdad. (2012). "Structural equation model of the effect of school environment on the effectiveness of elementary school teachers in Fars province" New Approach in Educational Management Quarterly. 4(4), 67-82. . [In Persian].
Dadashi, Fereydoun. (2015). "The relationship between the collective efficiency of teachers and the educational progress of students in Pakdasht city. Master's thesis, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch, Garmsar, Iran. . [In Persian].
Ghafari, Khalil, Hosseini, Seyed Saeed, Davoudi, Hossein and Lak, Saeed .(2017). "The relationship between self-esteem and organizational performance and job adaptation of managers". Quarterly Journal of New Approaches in Educational Management, 9(33), 224-207. [In Persian].
Holy Qur'an, Surah Al-Ra'd, verse 28. . [In Persian].
Hui, K. Wayne, Miskel, J. Sicil. (2017). "Educational management (theory, research and application)". Translated by Soleimani, Nader; Safari, Mahmoud; Nazari, Seyed Morteza. Samt Publications, third edition, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian].
Safari, Mahmoud. (2012). "The relationship between English language teachers' academic positive thinking culture and students' academic progress in English language lessons". Master's thesis, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch, Garmsar, Iran. [In Persian].
Safari, Mahmoud. (2016). "Presenting a model for developing positive educational culture of teachers in Tehran schools". PhD dissertation in Educational Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Unit, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]
.Safari, Mahmoud. (2017). "The role of teachers' collective efficacy culture in students' academic progress". Higher Education and Management Quarterly, 1(2), 35-47. [In Persian].
Safari, Mahmoud, Soleimani, Nader. (2015). "The relationship between the educational positivity culture in the classroom and the academic progress of students in the English language course". Educational Leadership and Management Quarterly, 10(3), 67-83. [In Persian].
Safari, Mahmoud, Soleimani, Nader and Jafari, Parivash. (2018). "Identifying the factors that develop the culture of teachers' collective efficiency from the experts' point of view". New Approaches in Educational Leadership and Management, 10(37), 358-338. [In Persian].
Samadi, Masoumeh. (2012). "Investigating the role of teachers' professional knowledge and self-efficacy on their positive and negative communication methods with students". Educational Psychology Studies. 2(17), 105-126. [In Persian].
Shabani, Hassan. (2015). "Teaching skills" (teaching methods and techniques). Tehran, Samt Publication. [In Persian].
Soleimani, Nader; Safari, Mahmoud; Nazari, Seyed Morteza. (2015) "Educational management (theory, research and application)". Samt Publication, second edition, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian].