نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• حسین هاشمی ¹
• سیدعلیقلی روشن ²
• حبیب الله سالارزهی ³
• نورمحمد یعقوبی ⁴

¹ دانشجو دکتری مدیریت دولتی، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران

² دانشیار، مدیریت، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.

³ دانشیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

⁴ استاد، گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

چکیده

دانش باید یک منبع کلیدی ایجاد ارزش برای سازمان‍ها باشد و سیستم مدیریت دانش باید در سیستم مدیریت کلی سازمان تعبیه شود. بر این اساس، مدیریت دانش در استاندارد ایزو 30401 گنجانده شده است که الزامات سیستم‍های مدیریت دانش را مشخص می‍کند. هدف مقاله حاضر این بود که عوامل موردنیاز برای پیاده‍سازی مدیریت دانش در صنعت فرودگاهی را بر پایه ایزو 30401 تعیین نماید. برای دستیابی به هدف، ابتدا عوامل مدیریت دانش در صنعت فرودگاهی با استفاده از روش فراترکیب شناسایی و بر پایه ایزو 30401 دسته‍بندی شدند و در ادامه مدل مفهومی پژوهش ارائه شد. برای بررسی روایی ساختاری مدل مفهومی، پرسشنامه بین 384 نفر از کارکنان شرکت فرودگاه‌ها و ناوبری هوایی ایران پخش و روایی مدل با روش تحلیل عاملی تأییدی بررسی شد. نشان داد عوامل موردنیاز جهت پیاده‍سازی یک سیستم مدیریتی برای مدیریت دانش در فرودگاه‌ها دربرگیرنده «اجزای» سیستم مدیریتی است که در ارتباط با دانش هستند؛ یعنی راهبرد، فرهنگ مدیریت دانش، ساختار، حاکمیت و رهبری، نقش‍ها و مسئولیت‍ها، طرح‍ریزی، فناوری و زیرساخت و عملیات سازمان و دربرگیرنده الزاماتی است که هرکدام نماینده یک «بعد» از «سیستم مدیریت دانش» است که به یکدیگر وابسته هستند یعنی گسترش دانش، انتقال و تبدیل دانش و توانمندسازها. این پژوهش اولین مطالعه‍ای است که یک چشم‍انداز یکپارچه از عوامل موردنیاز برای پیاده‍سازی سیستم مدیریت دانش در فرودگاه‌ها بر پایه ایزو 30401 را ارائه می‍دهد. چنین شناسایی عوامل سیستم مدیریت دانش، به‌خوبی می‍تواند راهبردهای کارساز برای ارتقاء مدیریت دانش در ایجاد ارزش و بهبود کارکرد سازمان‌ها تدوین کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• سیستم مدیریت دانش
• پیاده‌سازی مدیریت دانش
• ایزو 30401
• فرودگاه

عنوان مقاله [English]

Required factors for Implementing of Knowledge Management System Based on ISO 30401: Operational Approach

نویسندگان [English]

• Hossein Hashemi ¹
• Seyed Aligholi Rowshan ²
• Habibollah Salarzehi ³
• Nour Mohammad Yaghobi ⁴

¹ Ph.D. Student in Public Administration, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University

² Associate Professor, Department of Public Administration, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

³ Associate Professor, Department of Public Administration, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

⁴ Professor, Department of Management, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Knowledge must be a key value-creating resource for organizations and the knowledge management system (KMS) shall be embedded into the overall enterprise management system. Accordingly, KM has been included in the ISO 30401 standard specifying requirements for KMSs. The implementation of the ISO Knowledge Management (KM) standard is gaining increasing attention among organizations and it is bringing out several issues to investigate, such as required factors (RFs) for the implementation of KM in them based on ISO 30401 ways of “standardizing” KM systems, and risks, challenges and benefits of implementing the standard.

Research Question(s): This paper aims to answer the question: What factors are required to implement KM in organizations based on ISO 30401?
Literature Review
In the past 40 years, management theory has come a long way toward explaining how value can be created from knowledge. Building on the Resource-based View, the disciplines of intellectual capital (IC) theory and knowledge management (KM) theory have thoroughly theorized the links between knowledge and firm value. On this basis, countless management initiatives have been devised and empirically examined. Against this backdrop, the International Standards Organization (ISO) released a Management Standard on Knowledge Management Systems (KMS(, which aims “to support organizations to develop a management system that effectively promotes and enables value-creation through knowledge. The ISO 30401 Knowledge Management Systems – Requirements is based on the intention to create a common denominator of an international KM development history and implementation guide. The proposed standard is an opportunity to create a common language for global conversations about KM that just might help organizations manage knowledge more effectively. One may add that the standard can also support KM scholars in agreeing on a joint theoretical and conceptual basis for future research and teaching. However, this requires a theoretical foundation. To date, the ISO 30401 has been examined at a general level, with the analysis focusing on the advantages of and criticisms to the overall structure and content of the standard. There have also been some publications on specific narrow aspects of ISO 30401, such as its implications for risk management, controlling, or enterprise architecture models. The standard has, however, not yet been systematically researched to the identified required factors (RFs) for the implementation of KM in the organizations based on ISO 30401. To fill this gap, this paper aims to the identified required factors (RFs) for the implementation of KM in the airport industry based on ISO 30401.
This Is Level 2
 Drawing on a review of the literature on the ISO standard for KM, the paper provides a conceptualization of the ISO KM standard through some conceptual and mind maps in Airports that systematically combine the KM requirements of ISO.

Methodology
Knowledge management factors in the airport industry were first identified by utilizing a Meta-synthesis method, classified based on ISO 30401, and embedded them into a conceptual model. The questionnaire was distributed to 384 employees of Iran Airports and Air Navigation Company (IAANC) and the relationship between RFs and the structural validity of the conceptual model of research was examined by the method of confirmatory factor analysis.

Results
The findings showed that the RFs to implement a management system for KM in IAANC include the strategy, organization’s KM culture, structure, governance and leadership; roles and responsibilities; planning, technology, processes, and operation and includes requirements that each representing a dimension of the KMS, which are interdependent: Knowledge development, knowledge conveyance and transformation and KM enablers. This study is the first to provide an integrative perspective of RFs for implementing KMS in airports based on ISO 30401. Such an identification of the RFs of the KMS could well formulate effective strategies for enhancing value-creating and improving the performance of organizations.

Conclusion
The findings of the structural validity of the theoretical construct using confirmatory factor analysis showed that the variables of support, the culture of knowledge management, and leadership have the greatest effect on knowledge management with values close to 0.94, 0.93, and 0.92 respectively. Planning, structure, strategy, operation, and technology and infrastructure with values of 0.88, 0.86, 0.80, 0.74, and 0.68 are respectively in the next priorities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• knowledge management system
• Implementing of knowledge management
• ISO 30401
• Airport