تأثیر قابلیت‌های فناوری اطلاعات بر رابطه بین عوامل فردی، گروهی و سازمانی با حفظ و نگهداری دانش

امیری, معصومه; فرهاد پور, محمد رضا

doi:10.22054/jks.2024.79419.1644

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانش‌آموخته مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات- مدیریت منابع اطلاعاتی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

² دانشیار، گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش شناسی-مدیریت اطلاعات- واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، اهواز، ایران

https://doi.org/10.22054/jks.2024.79419.1644

چکیده

هدف مطالعه تأثیر قابلیت‌های فناوری اطلاعات بر رابطه بین عوامل فردی، گروهی و سازمانی با حفظ و نگهداری دانش در شرکت فولاد خوزستان است. این مطالعه از نوع کاربردی با روش توصیفی- پیمایشی انجام شد. جامعه پژوهش کارکنان شرکت فولاد خوزستان بالغ‌بر 15000 نفر بودند که 555 نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده ‌انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها با پرسش‌نامه مبتنی بر مطالعات پیشین در طیف پنج گزینه‌ای لیکرت تدوین و به روش میدانی توزیع و جمعآوری شدند. روایی ابزار به شکل صوری و پایایی آن با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ (737/0=α) تأیید شد. داده‌ها با روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌افزار ایموس مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل بوت استرپینگ نشان داد عوامل فردی بر حفظ و نگهداری دانش (331/0=β) تأثیر مستقیم و با نقش میانجی قابلیت‌های فناوری اطلاعات (156/0=β) تأثیر غیرمستقیم و معنیدار دارد. ضمن اینکه عوامل گروهی بر حفظ و نگهداری دانش (342/0=β) تأثیر مستقیم و با نقش میانجی قابلیت‌های فناوری اطلاعات (080/0=β) تأثیر غیرمستقیم و معنی‌دار دارد. تأثیر مستقیم عوامل سازمانی بر حفظ و نگهداری دانش (631/0=β) و تأثیر غیرمستقیم با نقش میانجی قابلیت‌های فناوری اطلاعات (118/0=β) نیز تائید شد. به این مفهوم که با بهبود وضعیت عوامل فردی، گروهی و سازمانی، شرایط حفظ و نگهداری دانش در شرکت نیز ارتقا می‌یابد. ضمن این‌که استفاده از قابلیت‌های فناوری اطلاعات رابطه بین متغیرهای مستقل با متغیر وابسته را تقویت میکند. به‌طورکلی میتوان گفت که مدیریت و سازمان‌دهی عوامل فردی، گروهی و سازمانی با به‌کارگیری فناوری اطلاعات میتواند به شرکت در حفظ و نگهداری دانش سازمانی به‌عنوان یک دارائی ارزشمند کمک، وابستگی شرکت به دانش خارجی را کاهش و فرصت ارزش‌آفرینی از دارائی‌های دانشی را فراهم سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

مدیریت دانش

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Information Technology Capabilities on the Relationship between Individual, Group and Organizational Factors with Knowledge Retention

نویسندگان [English]

Masume Amiri ¹
Mohammad Reza Farhadpour ²

¹ Graduated of Information Technology Management -Information Resources Management, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

² Associate Professor, Department of Information Science and Knowledge - Information Management, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
The long-standing efforts of companies to maintain success by using price and quality strategies along with important dimensions affected by continuous global communication such as agility, flexibility, innovation, and sustainability have caused knowledge to appear as the main competence of success (Lin, Chang & Tsai, 2016). The life of organizations in the knowledge economy is based on information, knowledge, and learning and beyond conventional resources such as capital, labor, and land (Stephen, 2016 & Joshi, Farooquie & Chawla, 2016) as a valuable and effective element in performance (Ahmad Kassim, Fazli Baharuddin & Abdul Samad, 2016) and its maintenance is stable. Knowledge preservation is the process of absorbing and storing valuable knowledge for future use (Ramona & Alexandra, 2019) and preventing its wastage through leaving the job of specialist employees (Alameri et al, 2019) and preventing the effective negative consequences of knowledge loss in performance and competition (Schmitt, Borzillo & Probst, 2012; Lin et al., 2016; Massingham, 2018; Rashid, Clarke & O’Connor, 2019). Despite the increasing importance of knowledge preservation in creating a competitive advantage, ignoring the factors affecting it makes it difficult to achieve the goals of knowledge management. Therefore, the current research aims to answer the question of whether information technology capabilities have an effect on the relationship between individual, group and organizational factors with knowledge retention in Khuzestan Steel Company by focusing on the employees of Khuzestan Steel Company.
Hypothesis
According to the review of previous studies and the existence of sufficient research support regarding research variables, the following hypotheses were proposed.
H₁) Information technology capabilities have a significant effect on the relationship between individual factors and knowledge retention in Khuzestan Steel Company.
H₂) Information technology capabilities have a significant effect on the relationship between group factors and knowledge retention in Khuzestan Steel Company.
H₃) Information technology capabilities have a significant effect on the relationship between organizational factors and knowledge retention in Khuzestan Steel Company.

Literature Review

The results of the review of the research background showed that there is a necessary theoretical support for the research hypotheses. At the individual level, for reasons such as trust, habits, and cultural influences, existing knowledge may prevent the retention of new knowledge. To accept and absorb new knowledge, trust is a fundamental issue; because people generally have to trust the provider of knowledge. According to McDowell (2002), the factors related to trust in knowledge include epistemic trust (trust of the receiver of the message to the communicator because he has corrected and accurate information) and social trust (the value of communication and the reliability of the source from a social point of view), and the inferential effects of communication means the effect of the receiver's perceptions of the conformity of the socially acceptable behavior of the communicator and his inference of trust). Another individual factor is functional stability (individuals' tendency to represent objects as conventional problem-solving functions, resulting in an inability to see their new functions) (Anderson, 2000; Ashforth & Fried, 1988; Cohen, 1991; Cohen & Bacdayan, 1994; Leonard-Barton, 1992; Leonard-Barton, 1995; Nonaka & Reinmoeller in O’Toole, 2010). The result of the review of the research history shows that knowledge retention is one of the concerns of knowledge management (Lin et al., 2016), it requires the preservation of skills, abilities, experience and knowledge vital for the organization (Mishra & Uday Bhaskar, 2011; Schmitt et al., 2012) and refers to extracting tacit knowledge and storing it in organizational memory in order to retrieve and use it in the future (Mishra and Udi Bhaskar, 2011). Therefore, the review of the studies shows that the retention of knowledge as a macro goal has been given less attention in the studies.

Methodology

In terms of the purpose of this research, it was applied research that was conducted using the causal-correlation method. The statistical population of the research was all the employees of Khuzestan Steel Company, totaling 15,000 people, of which 555 people were selected as a sample. A questionnaire with a five-point Likert response scale was used to collect data. The questionnaire was developed based on the tools of previous studies. For this purpose, the 25-item questionnaire of Rohman, Eliyana, Purwana & Hamidah (2020) regarding individual, group and organizational factors, the seven-item questionnaire of Lin et al. (2016) for the knowledge retention variable, and the five-item questionnaire of Trieu, Van Nguyen, Nguyen, Vu & Tran (2023) were used. In this research, a qualitative method was used to determine the face validity, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was also used to check the reliability of the questionnaire, and the results indicated the appropriate reliability of the research questionnaires.

Results

The results of the bootstrapping analysis show that the effect of information technology capabilities on the relationship between individual factors and knowledge retention in Khuzestan Steel Company is confirmed. Also, in the results of the second hypothesis test, the claim of the researcher about the effect of information technology capabilities on the relationship between group factors and knowledge retention in Khuzestan Steel Company is confirmed. The results of the third hypothesis test also showed that the effect of information technology capabilities on the relationship between organizational factors and knowledge retention in Khuzestan Steel Company is confirmed.

Conclusion

Based on the results and from an organizational point of view, the culture and structure of the organization should be such that, on the one hand, it values knowledge activities and encourages employees to engage in knowledge activities. On the other hand, the organization should establish a link between work processes and knowledge by developing information technology infrastructure. In addition, storing and organizing people's knowledge will reduce the organization's dependence on external resources. Therefore, it is suggested that the managers of Khuzestan Steel Company implement human resources strategies in the direction of motivation, trust building, encouragement and reward, participation and cooperation, individual development and empowerment, strengthening the sense of organizational belonging, succession planning, maintaining human dignity, developing knowledge culture, working group, team atmosphere, organizational structure and information technology strategies should be reviewed and strengthened in the form of identifying the capabilities and capacities of existing technologies, creating the required technological infrastructure.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Information Technology Capabilities
Knowledge Preservation
Knowledge Management
Khuzestan Steel Company

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تأثیر قابلیت‌های فناوری اطلاعات بر رابطه بین عوامل فردی، گروهی و سازمانی با حفظ و نگهداری دانش

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 11، شماره 40 - شماره پیاپی 40مهر 1403صفحه 189-228

دوره 11، شماره 40 - شماره پیاپی 40
مهر 1403
صفحه 189-228