اثربخشی آموزش مدیریت اطلاعات شخصی به روش کلاس معکوس بر کاهش اضطراب اطلاعاتی و اهمال‌کاری تحصیلی دانشجویان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه آموزشی علوم تربیتی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی آموزش مدیریت اطلاعات شخصی به روش کلاس معکوس بر کاهش اضطراب اطلاعاتی و اهمال‌کاری تحصیلی دانشجویان دانشگاه فرهنگیان بود. پژوهش حاضر برحسب هدف، کاربردی و بر اساس شیوه گردآوری اطلاعات از نوع تحقیقات نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه گواه بود. جامعه پژوهش را کلیه دانشجویان شاغل به تحصیل در سال تحصیلی 1404 دانشگاه فرهنگیان شعبه الزهرای شهر تبریز تشکیل دادند که 30 نفر از آنها با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی 15 نفر و کنترل 15 نفر جایگزین شدند. از ابزار گردآوری داده‌های پژوهش پرسش‌نامه اضطراب اطلاعاتی ایمان‌زاده و مرندی حیدرلو (1403) و مقیاس اهمال‌کاری تحصیلی سولومون و راثبلوم (1984) به‌عنوان پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون استفاده شد. بسته آموزشی طراحی شده پس از تأیید متخصصان حوزه علوم تربیتی و علم اطلاعات، ازنظر روایی محتوایی موردتأیید قرار گرفت. بسته آموزشی طراحی شده در 10 جلسه 60 دقیقه‌ای به گروه آزمایشی، آموزش داده شد. در بخش آمار توصیفی شاخص‌هایی نظیر فراوانی، میانگین و انحراف استاندارد نمرات و در بخش استنباطی برای تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیره استفاده شد. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که بین میانگین نمرۀ پس‌آزمون دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل در متغیرهای اضطراب اطلاعاتی و اهمال‌کاری تحصیلی دانشجویان تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود دارد و آموزش مدیریت اطلاعات شخصی به روش کلاس معکوس بر کاهش اضطراب اطلاعاتی و اهمال‌کاری تحصیلی دانشجویان تأثیرگذار بوده است. می‌توان با تجهیز دانشجویان به روش‌های مدیریت اطلاعات شخصی، مشکلات مربوط به اضطراب اطلاعاتی را در آن‌ها کاهش داد و این امر بر کاهش اهمال‌کاری تحصیلی دانشجویان هم تأثیرگذار خواهد بود. باتوجه‌به یافته‌های پژوهش، پیشنهاد می‌شود آموزش مدیریت اطلاعات شخصی به‌عنوان مداخله‌ای تأثیرگذار در کاهش اضطراب اطلاعاتی و اهمال‌کاری تحصیلی دانشجویان موردتوجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The Effectiveness of Personal Information Management Training Using the Flipped Classroom Method on Reducing Students' Information Anxiety and Academic Procrastination

نویسندگان English

ali imanzadeh
kiumars taghipour
mahdieh mohammadzadeh
Department of Education, Faculty of Education and Psycology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction
Information anxiety is one of the emerging phenomena that was first introduced by Francis Bacon in 1605 and later popularized by Richard Wurman in his best-selling book. Unlike common psychological anxieties, information anxiety has an epistemological nature and arises from cognitive disorder and confusion caused by encountering vast amounts of information. With the expansion of the internet since the 1970s, the emergence of the World Wide Web in the 1990s, and especially the proliferation of social networks, this phenomenon has intensified. The five main causes of information anxiety include: not understanding information, bias regarding the amount of information to be understood, not knowing that specific needed information exists, not knowing where to find it, and knowing where to find it but lacking the access key. Academic procrastination, as a complex phenomenon with behavioral and cognitive dimensions, involves the deliberate postponement of tasks despite awareness of negative consequences. According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, procrastination originates from anxiety and can manifest in various forms, including academic, decisional, neurotic, and obsessive procrastination. Personal Information Management (PIM) has been proposed as a fundamental solution to these challenges. PIM encompasses seven main activities: finding, storing, organizing, maintaining, securing and managing information flow, evaluating and appraising, and sense-making. The flipped classroom approach, as a modern educational method, involves providing instructional content to learners before class sessions, with class time dedicated to interactive, collaborative, and problem-solving activities. This method can serve as an effective platform for teaching personal information management skills.
Literature Review
Previous research has shown that academic procrastination is on the rise in educational systems and is influenced by factors such as excessive use of social media, anxiety, and lack of managerial skills. Information anxiety has also been identified as a fundamental challenge in academic environments, and researchers have pointed to a significant relationship between information usage patterns, information anxiety, and academic procrastination. However, a research gap exists regarding the application of modern teaching methods such as flipped classrooms for teaching personal information management skills and their simultaneous effect on reducing both information anxiety and academic procrastination.
Methodology
This study was applied in purpose and quasi-experimental in design, utilizing a pretest–posttest control group design. The statistical population consisted of female students at Fatemeh Al-Zahra Campus of Farhangian University in Tabriz. The sample included 30 students randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 each). Research instruments included the Information Anxiety Questionnaire (Imanzadeh & Marandi Heidarloo, 2024) with 30 items across five dimensions, and the Academic Procrastination Scale (Solomon & Rothblum, 1984) with 27 items across three factors. A researcher-developed PIM training package was designed over ten 60-minute sessions (one introductory, eight instructional, and one concluding session). Content validity was confirmed by experts (CVR: 0.8–1; CVI: 0.9–1). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) via SPSS version 22.


Results and Conclusion
Descriptive results showed that the mean information anxiety score in the experimental group decreased from 73.81 in the pretest to 62.53 in the posttest, while the control group increased from 70.47 to 72.93. Similarly, the mean academic procrastination score in the experimental group decreased from 71.32 to 58.58, whereas the control group increased from 66.98 to 69.81. Assumptions of MANCOVA (normality, linearity, homogeneity of variances, and homogeneity of regression slopes) were confirmed. Wilks' lambda test indicated a significant difference between the groups in at least one dependent variable. MANCOVA results revealed significant differences between the experimental and control groups for both information anxiety (F = 14.055, p = 0.003) and academic procrastination (F = 12.029, p = 0.003), after controlling for pretest effects. Effect sizes were 37% for information anxiety and 31% for academic procrastination, indicating a substantial impact of the educational intervention.
Discussion and Conclusion
The findings demonstrated that PIM training delivered through the flipped classroom method significantly reduced both information anxiety and academic procrastination among students. These results align with previous studies (Imanzadeh & Marandi Heidarloo, 2024; De Oliveira et al., 2023; Navid & Anvar, 2019). The explanation for these findings lies in the fact that PIM empowers students in organizing, storing, retrieving, and evaluating information, thereby reducing confusion and helplessness caused by information overload. Furthermore, these skills reduce smartphone addiction and promote purposeful information use, thereby preventing academic procrastination. The flipped classroom method, by fostering an interactive and participatory environment, provides a suitable context for deep learning of these skills. Therefore, this combined approach is not only an effective educational program but also a fundamental investment in training future teachers, enhancing their metacognitive and psychological competencies, and improving both current academic performance and future professional capabilities.
According to the research findings, it is suggested that personal information management training be considered as an effective intervention for reducing information anxiety and academic procrastination among students.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Academic Procrastination
Flipped Classroom
Information Anxiety
Personal Information Management
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