نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش شناسی دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری علم اطلاعات و دانششناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران
چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر ارائه چارچوب برای شناسایی تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر موفقیتهای کسبوکارهای دانشبنیان با تمرکز بر فرایندهای مدیریت دانش است. پژوهش حاضر ازنظر روش کمی و به لحاظ هدف کاربردی است. در پژوهش حاضر از روش دلفی فازی و مارکوس برای تحلیل دادهها، استفاده شد. جامعه پژوهش حاضر متشکل از متخصصان درزمینة مدیریت دانش، اقتصاد و حوزه کسبوکار دانشبنیان است؛ و 13 نفر بهعنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای گردآوری داده در این مطالعه، مصاحبه و پرسشنامه (پرسشنامه خبرهسنجی و پرسشنامه روش مارکوس) هستند. عوامل از طریق مرور پیشینه و مصاحبه با خبرگان مدیریت دانش، 43 عامل شناسایی شد که بعد از غربال دلفی فازی به 27 مؤلفه نهایی رسید؛ و غربال شاخصهای استخراجی با توزیع پرسشنامههای خبرهسنجی و برای غربال عوامل از روش دلفی فازی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که هدفگذاری و برنامهریزی مشخص، نهتنها مسیر و جهتگیری کسبوکارها را تعیین بلکه به ایجاد تمرکز و انگیزه در گروهها مؤثر است و سیاستگذاری، حکمرانی تعریف ساختارها و فرایندهای لازم برای مدیریت دانش سبب بهبود ارتباطات داخلی و تعامل با ذینفعان میشود. علاوه بر این، فرهنگ سازمانی مثبت و حمایتی، زمینهساز اشتراک و تبادل دانش است و اعضای گروه در محیطی امن و خلاقانه به فعالیت میپردازند. فرهنگ نوآوری و خلاقیت نیز به تحریک ایدههای جدید و ایجاد فضای مناسب برای آزمونوخطا است و درنهایت، همافزایی بین این عوامل به ایجاد یک اکوسیستم دانشبنیان تبدیل میشود که در آن نوآوری، همکاری و یادگیری مداوم محور فعالیتها است.
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Providing a Framework for Identifying and Analyzing Factors Affecting the Success of Knowledge-Based Businesses with a Focus on Knowledge Management
نویسندگان [English]
- Reza Karimi 1
- Rahil Karimian 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Qom University, Qom, Iran.
2 Ph.D. Student in Knowledge and Information Science, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
چکیده [English]
1. Introduction
Knowledge-based enterprises (KBEs) are heavily reliant on effective knowledge management processes to maintain their competitiveness and drive innovation. However, these companies face significant challenges in implementing and optimizing these processes. The main issue is the difficulty in identifying and analyzing the factors that influence the success of knowledge management in these enterprises. Challenges in this context include the integration of new knowledge and technology for innovation in knowledge management, the need to align knowledge management strategies with the overall strategies of the organization to maximize benefits, and identifying and implementing key success factors such as organizational culture, human capital, managerial support, and information technology infrastructure. Additionally, effectively utilizing knowledge assets involves complex processes such as knowledge governance, establishing relationships, and protecting knowledge, as well as motivating and committing individuals to share and utilize knowledge. This research aims to provide a framework for identifying and analyzing the factors influencing the success of knowledge-based businesses, focusing on knowledge management processes.
2. Literature Review
Sabri-Moghadam (2023) examined the impact of strategic alignment of knowledge management on the performance of knowledge-based businesses. A descriptive-survey method was utilized for this research. The study highlighted aspects such as knowledge storage and retention, knowledge creation and dissemination, knowledge application, motivation and rewards, leadership in knowledge-based environments, the presence of skilled personnel, government financial support for knowledge-based companies, and senior management commitment, as well as research and development.
Sharafi (2022) focused on presenting a comprehensive model for human capital management with an emphasis on the marketing unit of knowledge-based businesses, employing a mixed-methods approach. The research pointed to factors such as strengthening organizational culture, benefiting from efficient managers, suitable technology, dynamic organizational structure, and the productivity of creative human resources.
Rahimi (2021) identified and ranked the factors influencing the development of human resources in knowledge-driven businesses among knowledge-based business managers in Tehran. Using a descriptive-survey method, the study addressed factors such as competency development, performance management, and adherence to ethics, management training, and knowledge management.
Oshamio and Olaz (2023) investigated the effects of environmental factors on knowledge management businesses. The research employed a survey method and highlighted factors including environmental infrastructure, knowledge strategy, a knowledge-oriented culture, success in knowledge-based groups, public awareness, cultural services of knowledge companies, human resource management, employee and management trust, inter-employee trust, infrastructure for utilizing new technologies, communication and information infrastructure, product development network structure, coordination mechanisms, and characteristics of the product development team.
Nasr Isfahani and Rahbari (2022) focused on identifying the factors influencing the establishment of knowledge-based sports companies based on electronic knowledge using a grounded theory approach. The researchers identified factors such as knowledge, increasing the number of capable technical vendors, equipment, stable team members (maintaining and enhancing motivation, focus, etc.), internal team collaboration, high-spirited team members, skills, access to specialized academic personnel, government policy and governance, comprehensive planning to support knowledge-based companies, government financial support for knowledge-based companies, trust between employees and management, strong team management, formulating supportive government policies, entrepreneurial spirit, knowledge culture, success in knowledge-based groups, public awareness, cultural services of knowledge-based companies, access to technical infrastructure, high quality, communication and information infrastructure such as bandwidth, internet speed, and data centers, reductions in information and communication technology costs, and foundational services in the country, suitable infrastructure for utilizing new technologies such as cloud computing, the Internet of Things, big data analytics, and mobile technologies, as well as the geographical focus of the industry.
Alvarez Morales and Ramirez Herrera (2021) identified the success factors for knowledge-based businesses using a descriptive-survey method. They noted factors such as senior management support and commitment, policy-making and planning, collaboration between companies (organizations), monitoring and evaluation, organizational structure, organizational infrastructure, contractual and political constraints, goal setting and planning, knowledge sharing, knowledge learning, organizational goals, strategies, and visions, prevailing conditions in the organization, performance evaluation, progress, flexibility, and knowledge strategy.
Ghorbani, Shayyan, and Khanzadeh (2020) proposed a model for establishing a comprehensive knowledge management system in knowledge-based organizations based on success factors. They developed a researcher-made questionnaire using a descriptive-survey method, addressing factors such as environmental infrastructure, system and evaluation, leadership and leadership support, organizational culture, knowledge sharing, learning culture, information technology, motivational incentives, human resource management, experienced advisory teams, knowledge strategies, and knowledge-related activities and processes.
3. Methodology
This research is quantitative in nature and is applied in purpose. The study utilized fuzzy Delphi and Marcus methods for data analysis. The research population consisted of experts in the fields of knowledge management, economics, and knowledge-based business. Sampling was conducted based on the expertise of specialists in knowledge management processes and factors influencing the success of knowledge-based enterprises, with 13 individuals selected as the sample. The criterion for selecting the sample size in this study was theoretical saturation. The data collection tools in this study included interviews and questionnaires (expert assessment questionnaire and Marcu’s method questionnaire). The expert assessment questionnaire was developed based on a review of the literature in the fields of knowledge management and knowledge-based businesses, as well as interviews conducted with experts, and it possesses content validity. Additionally, using the Lawshe content validity ratio and feedback from experts, the validity and content reliability of the research factors were confirmed. The second questionnaire pertains to the Marcus method, which is standardized and its validity is guaranteed. It should be noted that the input for these methods is the output filtered through the fuzzy Delphi method. To evaluate the research factors, six indices were utilized: human, environmental, organizational, cultural, technological, structures, and processes. Through a review of the literature and interviews with knowledge management experts, 43 factors were identified, which were narrowed down to 27 final components after the fuzzy Delphi filtering. The filtering of the extracted indices was carried out through the distribution of expert assessment questionnaires, and the fuzzy Delphi method was used for the screening of factors.
4. Conclusion
Clear goal setting and planning not only determine the path and direction of businesses but also effectively create focus and motivation within teams. In fact, effective policy-making and governance contribute to defining the structures and processes necessary for knowledge management and enhance internal communications and interactions with stakeholders. Furthermore, a positive and supportive organizational culture fosters knowledge sharing and exchange, allowing team members to operate in a safe and creative environment. A culture of innovation and creativity also stimulates new ideas and creates a conducive space for experimentation and learning from mistakes. Ultimately, the synergy among these factors leads to the establishment of a knowledge-based ecosystem where innovation, collaboration, and continuous learning are at the core of activities.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- knowledge-based business
- knowledge economy
- knowledge management
- business management
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